Rethinking Information Technology And Its Effects On The...

Research has suggested that humankind is able to store at least 295 exabytes of information, which measured in bits is 295 with 20 zeros after it. (Wu, 2011) Humanity has accumulated increasing amounts of knowledge over the centuries. Access to knowledge varies from being readily accessible to being a closely kept secret. The book Science and Technology in Society addresses the consequences that result from how knowledge is shared and used. The three chapters that I read were: â€Å"Rethinking Information Technology: Caught in the World Wide Web,† â€Å"Owning Technoscience: Understanding the New Intellectual Property Battles,† and â€Å"Democracy and Expertise: Citizenship in a High-Tech Age.† An ethics topic contained in all three chapters was the access and use of information. Restricting access to knowledge and its use is unethical and creates divisive lines in society. A divisive line in our society is found in our educational system, which does not provide equal access of knowledge to everyone. A person’s access to a good education is largely determined by their social circumstances. This situation is self-perpetuating, leading to even more disparity over time. In the third chapter of Science and Technology in Society it says, â€Å"†¦ children from wealthy families are more likely to go to college than students from poor families. And a college degree is likely to create occupational and economic opportunities for these people †¦ Opportunities for upward mobility are systematically lowerShow MoreRelatedCensorship in the Media Essay1084 Words   |  5 Pagesas entertainment. Is this appropriate for our youth? Should children be exposed to these images so early on? How does censorship in the media affect adolescents? Children are the future of our society and need to have some understanding of real world occurrences. Ultimat ely, censorship can only be determined by the parents. The media cannot filter every bit of controversial images. What rights does the media have in this situation? How are their First Amendment rights applied here? As an aspiringRead More Access to Information - The Widening Gap Essay example1268 Words   |  6 PagesAccess to Information - The Widening Gap The â€Å"Digital Divide† is a buzz phrase heard today in North America. It refers to the growing divide between people who have and do not have access to information specifically via the internet. There are various forms of digital divides but the one that is the most despair is the global digital divide between industrialized countries and developing nations. Optimists feel that the internet and information it carries brings potential to societies of developingRead MoreEffects of the Internet on Information Systems in Organisations4667 Words   |  19 PagesQN1. EVALUATE THE EFFECTS OF INTERNET TO INFORMATION SYSTEMS AND GIVE RELEVANT EXAMPLES HOW OPERATIONS ARE CHANGED DUE TO THAT CAUSE. Introduction. The Internet represents one of the most successful examples of the benefits of sustained investment and commitment to research and development of information infrastructure. It is one of the most outstanding innovations in the field of communication in the history of mankind. Beginning with the early research in packet switching, the government, industryRead More Using Technology to Improve Education Essay2196 Words   |  9 Pagespower, the device is useless. It is simply a plastic brick with some fancy buttons attached. However, when this device is given a source of energy, it comes to life, and brings to its user access to entertainment, information, or communication. Many people treasure their high end technologies, and use them on a day to day basis. What some people fail to see is the full potential of their device. Their electronic gadget, when in their own hands, improves their happiness and quality of life. That sameRead MoreTHE IMPACT AND BENEFITS OF INTERNET ON MARKETING MIX3899 Words   |  16 Pagessolve customer problems, and communicate more efficiently with business partners. The benefit of Internet marketing includes the improved flow of information, new products and customer services, improved availability, improved market transparency. To design and implement a successful e-marketing program, a number of theories, applications, and technologies must be carefully analyzed and understood. In this article the investigator is going to considerer the best Internet marketing ways for the successRead MoreFinancial Globalization Essay1808 Words   |  8 PagesExecutive Summary During the past two decades, financial markets around the world have become increasingly interrelated. Financial globalization has brought considerable benefits to national economies and to investors, but it has also changed the structure of markets, creating new risks and challenges for market participants and policymakers. The international marketplace continues to present opportunities for companies. But change is constant and prudent so companies must work to minimize theirRead MoreIt Management Essay6676 Words   |  27 PagesChapter 1. The Information Systems Strategy Triangle Chapter Overview This chapter presents a very simple framework, the Information Systems Strategy Triangle, which links business strategy with organizational strategy and information strategy. The chapter describes this model, and builds on several other popular strategy models and organizational models. The goal of this chapter is to make sure every student has a basic understanding of both strategy and organizations (in many managementRead MoreSchool Safety2079 Words   |  9 Pagesas a result apprehension (Eckland 1). Fear should not hold back parents or students from allowing their child to obtain an education. In â€Å"Safety from the Inside Out: Rethinking Traditional Approaches,† Alfie Kohn explains the reasons why American public schools are not safe. Kohn develops this insinuation by stating that technology cannot always fix the problem of safety, and that personal relationships which create a feeling of security are being lost. Kohn’s purpose in this article is to revealRead MoreEssay about The Demand for Technology in Higher Education3577 Words   |  15 PagesThe Demand for Technology in Higher Education Abstract Students of the Millennial Generation expect technology in their future. Their upbringing, which included using computers, PDA’s, cell phones, and other technologies, have reinforced Millennial students’ demand to see technology incorporated in many different respects, including higher education. Millennial students insist that colleges become technologically advanced institutions where teaching is interwoven with technology. In the pastRead MoreTrends in Curriculum Development in Business Education5911 Words   |  24 PagesINTRODUCTION The world moves faster and faster every day, and with every half decade or so, it seems to  evolve into an area that one couldn`t fathom days before. The radio was mind-blowing. Then  came television, then the Internet. The Internet is still just a baby considering it really hit the  mass market about 10-years-ago. Businesses had to quickly jump on board. Different students also have different learning needs and interests and a rigid  curriculum really restricts both the teacher and the

Bitcoin Was A Hoax - 880 Words

In December 2013, after a series of governments’ legislation was passed, the price of Bitcoin crashed. While many hoped for a revival, the prices continued to plummet until they reached low of $200. In one short year, the price had fallen to one-sixth of its previous high (â€Å"Complete Bitcoin’s Price Chart†). This fall proved what many thought; Bitcoin was a hoax. One of the greatest downfalls of cryptocurrency is due to its lack of governing power. It is important to note that this creates inherent weaknesses in the currency as well as governmental concerns. Both of which could prove to be detrimental to cryptocurrencies. According to renowned PhDs in Economics, Hendricson, Hogan, and Luther, there are many issues with the regulatory nature†¦show more content†¦An example of the lack of safety can be found in Bitcoin’s recent history. Student of law Misha Tsukerman M.J. relates that â€Å"Mt. Gox, founded in 2009 †¦ became the dominant online marketplace for the purchase and sale of Bitcoins, handling 80 percent of all Bitcoin trading activity in 2013. On February 25, 2014, Mt. Gox failed after hackers stole approximately 850,000 Bitcoins† (1150). In this event, hackers managed to steal approximately 480 million dollars (Takashi Mochizuki and Eleanor Warnock). Mt. Gox’s failure shook the confidence of Bitcoin users. Due to the previously mentioned weaknesses, the stolen Bitcoins could not be retrieved. Furthermore, due to the lack of regulations, Bitcoin can easily be used for illegal means. Technical writer Andy Extance claims that â€Å"because users are allowed to mask their identity with pseudonyms, the currency is perfect for screening criminal activity† (22). German philosopher, Claus Dierksmeier, further expounds, stating, â€Å"On websites specifically designed to escape public scrutiny, cryptocurrencies are being used to buy and sell illegal drugs, weapons, and sex. Unquestionably, the anonymity afforded by some altcoins affords criminals advantages compared to either trading in physical spaces or to using privately or publically owned exchange media within the virtual space of the Internet, opening the door to many forms of fraud and theft†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (6-7). Due to blockchain technology, the only identities ofShow MoreRelatedRed Rooms : A Murder Legend For The Modern Age Essay2371 Words   |  10 Pagesmany versions of the Red Room story, access to the Red Room is purchased with a currency called Bitcoin (Are Deep Web). Bitcoin is a real currency, and while the technical details of the Bitcoin currency are rather complex, it is worth noting that Bitcoin transactions are completely anonymous and untraceable (Nakamoto 5), making it an ideal way to purchase illicit goods on the dark web. That Bitcoin operates in such a fashion also makes it impossible to refund transactions, making it a prime choiceRead MoreThe Dark Web Essay5373 Words   |  22 PagesABSTRACT Interest in the Deep Web peaked in 2013 when the FBI took down the Silk Road marketplace and exposed the Internet’s notorious drugtrafficking underbelly. Ross Ulbricht, aka Dread Pirate Roberts, was charged for narcotics trafficking, computer hacking conspiracy, and money laundering. While news reports were technically referring to the Dark Web—that portion of the Internet that can only be accessed using special browsing software, the most popular of which is TOR —negative stereotypes aboutRead MoreInternet Is A Safe Haven For Criminals Essay2014 Words   |  9 Pagesgovernment filtering, acceptance or censorship, this all sounds great for rebel groups trying to overthrow their corrupt government, for example the Arab Spring. â€Å"the Arab Spring was a series of anti-government protests, uprisings and armed rebellions that spread across the Middle East in early 2011† [Manfreda], this movement was fueled and spread though social media, researchers analyze d more than three million tweets, gigabytes of YouTube content and thousands of blog posts, studies find that social

Development of the Bill of Rights Free Essays

string(175) " constitutionality of a Connecticut law which banned solicitation of money for religious or charitable reasons unless approved by the secretary of the public welfare council\." When the American colonies rebelled against Great Britain, the rebels gave their reasons in the Declaration of Independence. According to the Declaration, people have unalienable rights to liberty. â€Å"The ideology of the revolutionary generation shaped the later American Bill of Rights. We will write a custom essay sample on Development of the Bill of Rights or any similar topic only for you Order Now This revolutionary ideology combined and wove together both the natural rights of man and the historic rights of Englishmen†. The colonists emphasized natural rights and historic liberties as a result of their view of government. Government was potentially hostile to human liberty and happiness. Power was essentially aggressive. The rebellious colonists dealt with the problem of aggressive political power by several devices: separation of powers, an independent judiciary, the right of people to have a share in their own government by representatives chosen by themselves, and an insistence on the natural and historical rights and liberties of citizens reflected in revolutionary bills of rights of the several states. These concessions to slavery produced some protests. George Mason, delegate from Virginia and a leading advocate of a federal bill of rights, complained that delegates from South Carolina and Georgia were more interested in protecting the right to import slaves than in promoting â€Å"the Liberty and Happiness of the people. † Some framers rationalized the compromise with slavery on the assumption that the institution would soon die out. In truth, however, a compromise was made in the interest of the Union. While the framers compromised with slavery, they took steps to prevent its spread to new states. Particularly after the adoption of the Bill of Rights the Constitution reflected the Jekyll-and-Hyde character of the nation. The nation sought simultaneously to protect liberty and slavery. All in all, the Bill of Rights was adopted because of the fear of abuses of power by the federal government. It simply had no application to the states. The idea that the federal Bill of Rights protects liberty of speech and press, freedom of religion, and other basic rights from violations by the states has become commonplace, even for lawyers. Indeed, many Americans probably accepted this commonplace when careful lawyers knew it was not so. From 1833 to 1868 the Supreme Court held that none of the rights in the Bill of Rights limited the states. From 1868 to 1925 it found very few of these liberties protected from state action. Those the states were free to flout (so far as federal limitations were concerned) seemed to include free speech, press, religion, the right to jury trial, freedom from self-incrimination, from infliction of cruel and unusual punishments, and more. State constitutions, with their own bills of rights, were available to protect the individual, but too often they proved to be paper barriers. Most, but not all, scholars believe that the Supreme Court was right, at least as a matter of history, up to 1868. They believe, that is, that the founding fathers did not intend for the Bill of Rights to limit the states. In contrast to the English Bill of Rights of 1689, in which the powers of Parliament are protected against the encroachments of the monarch, the American Bill of Rights was created to protect the individual against the intrusions of the legislative and executive branches of the government. As James Madison expressed it, â€Å"If we advert to the nature of Republican Government we shall find that censorial power is in the people over the Government, and not in the Government over the people. † Nowhere in the Bill of Rights is this more sharply affirmed than in the words of the First Amendment: â€Å"Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion or prohibiting the free exercise thereof; or abridging the freedom of speech or of the press; or the right of the people peaceably to assemble, and to petition the Government for a redress of grievances. â€Å" Although nine of the thirteen colonies had established churches, four did not (Rhode Island, Pennsylvania, New Jersey, and Delaware). By the time the First Amendment was adopted, however, only three states had an established church -Massachusetts, New Hampshire, and Connecticut. Of even greater significance is that no two states shared the same religious configuration with respect to its population. Not to be overlooked is that in the decade between the Declaration of Independence and the Constitutional Convention, numerous states had made declarations in support of religious freedom prior to the adoption of the Bill of Rights. In 1868 the Fourteenth Amendment was ratified. Beginning in the 1920s, the U. S. Supreme Court began to apply the Bill of Rights to states through a process now called the incorporation of the Bill of Rights into the Fourteenth Amendment. As originally passed, the Bill of Rights applied only to the federal government and not to state governments. The Fourteenth Amendment’s equal protection and due process clauses clearly applied to the states. Through a series of lengthy cases, the Court engaged in a piecemeal process of interpreting the Fourteenth Amendment clauses to include the various freedoms protected in the Bill of Rights. In Near v. Minnesota (1931) the Supreme Court applied freedom of the press to the states. In this case, the city of Minneapolis tried to suppress the publication of scandalous, malicious and defamatory material in newspapers. A newspaper publishers association, fearing censorship, challenged the Minnesota law on the grounds of violation of freedom of press. The Supreme Court struck down the law by contending that it represented prior restraint of future issues. The most important freedom given to the press is freedom from prior restraint, the freedom not to be censored. The process of nationalizing the Bill of Rights through the Fourteenth Amendment continued in the area of free exercise of religion. In Hamilton v. Board of Regents (1934), the Court held that freedom of religion was protected by the First Amendment against invasion by the national government and by the states. This decision was confirmed in Cantwell v. Connecticut (1940). This case questioned the constitutionality of a Connecticut law which banned solicitation of money for religious or charitable reasons unless approved by the secretary of the public welfare council. You read "Development of the Bill of Rights" in category "Papers" This particular official had the authority to decide whether a fund-raising cause was truly a religious one. In a unanimous decision, the Supreme Court ruled that the statute violated religious freedom and the due process clause of the Fourteenth Amendment. From the critical standpoint, the Bill of Rights not only constitutionally protects individual rights of citizens, such as freedom of religion, peaceable assembly, right to keep and bear arms, trial by jury, but it also secures the entire system of American democratic values and implementation of democracy in reality. For instance, freedom of press, declared of in the First Amendment, does not mean only that â€Å"Congress shall make no law†¦ abridging the freedom of†¦press. † Considering the fact independent media is one of the pillars of modern democracy, this constitutional guarantee aims to secure democratic principles of the country. Moreover, the freedom of press implies automatically the absence of any censorship limiting the execution of freedom of speech, which is too declared in the First Amendment and similarly is to protect democratic principles. The Bill of Rights has been created not only to protect freedoms and liberties of American citizens on individual levels, but also to secure the position of a person before the government. For example, the Fifth Amendment provides that no person shall be forced in any criminal case to be a witness against oneself. At the same time, from my personal viewpoint, the fundamental importance of the Bill of Rights is its long lasting effect and its tremendous influence on American legislative and judicial system. Firstly, the Bill triggered the adoption by the Congress of several important acts protecting civil liberties like Civil Rights Act. Secondly, because the Bill is an integral and vital part of US Constitution, and thus the ultimate legal power, legislative and judicial system have been continuously improving constitutional doctrine on individual rights. For example, one can notice during 1960-70s the constitutional rights of public employees to freedom of speech and association, procedural due process, and equal protection have also been vastly expanded. Historically the Constitution has retained its flexibility because interpretations of its meaning have changed. Choosing between two or more sets of competing values, the Supreme Court has played a major role in maintaining this flexibility. A significant trend has been the extension of civil rights to the previously powerless. For instance, the involvement of the U. S. Supreme Court in civil rights for blacks is long-standing, dating back to issues from the days of slavery. In the Dred Scott case (1857), Chief Justice Taney ruled that no blacks, slave or free, were citizens, and that blacks had no citizenship rights (Hall, 38). In 1883, two decades after the Civil War and the official end of slavery, the Court ruled on five separate suits affecting the rights of blacks, and collectively called the Civil Rights Cases (1883). These cases arose in response to the Civil Rights Act of 1875 which prohibited racial discrimination in jury selection and public accommodations. In these cases, the public accommodations portions of the 1875 act were challenged. The Court recognized that the Fourteenth Amendment forbade discrimination by states but it made no mention of discriminatory acts committed by individuals. Since the Civil Rights Act prohibited discrimination by individuals and private businesses, the Court ruled that the act had overstepped congressional authority and was therefore unconstitutional. By the end of World War II, the Supreme Court had become more supportive of civil rights for blacks. It struck down the all-white primary in Smith v. Allright (1944), arguing that the Democratic party was in essence an agent of the state and was therefore subject to the Fifteenth Amendment. During the late 1940s and the 1950s, the Court followed the trends begun earlier of moving away from the doctrine of â€Å"separate but equal† (Hall, 51). This may be seen in the cases of Sipuel v. Oklahoma (1948), Sweatt v. Painter (1950) and McLaurin v. Oklahoma State Regents (1950). In the Sipuel case, which was similar to the Gaines case, the Court ordered Oklahoma to provide a separate but equal law school for a black woman and stressed the need for equality in facilities. In Sweatt v. Painter, the state of Texas had established a separate black law school but it was inferior to the white law school at the University of Texas in the size of its faculty and the quality of its library and student body. The court ruled that the black law school had to be improved. The Court nearly overturned the â€Å"separate but equal† doctrine in the McLaurin case in which Oklahoma had allowed a black student to attend a white graduate school but had segregated him from the rest of the students by designating separate sections of the library, cafeteria and classrooms for him. The Court struck down these segregation provisions, claiming that they interfered with the ability of the black student to exchange ideas with other students, a requisite for a good education. Although these cases fell short of invalidating the â€Å"separate but equal† principle, they made segregation at the graduate school level more difficult to implement. Perhaps the most significant civil rights cases to aid blacks in the fight for equality were the two Brown cases in the 1950s. Brown v. Board of Education I (1954) arose as the result of a suit against Topeka, Kansas where Linda Brown, a black child, was not permitted to attend a segregated white school four blocks from her home. In Brown I, under the leadership of Supreme Court Chief Justice Earl Warren, the Court overturned the Plessy decision of â€Å"separate but equal† in the public schools by declaring that the separate but equal doctrine made black children feel inferior. In Brown v. Board of Education II (1955), the Court ruled on how to accomplish desegregation, concluding that local school boards should establish plans for desegregation under the supervision of federal district judges and â€Å"with all deliberate speed†. Despite these court rulings, southern school boards were slow to respond and avoided court orders by closing public schools and placing white children in private schools. Consequently, desegregation was only implemented very slowly. Women are not a minority but they have historically experienced legal discrimination based on their gender. The Supreme Court has played an important role in the expansion of rights for women. Overall the Court has been less important in the expansion of women’s rights than it has been in the extension of rights to blacks and other racial minorities. A major reason for the less important role of the Court is that women’s rights have mostly been broadened through legislation. Many women’s rights cases addressed by the Supreme Court have been concerned with employment. Early court decisions followed a trend of protectionism and upheld restrictions on the nature and conditions of employment for women. In Bradwell v. Illinois (1873), the Supreme Court upheld a state law preventing women from practicing law. Not until the 1970s did U. S. Supreme Court rulings begin to move away from the restrictive, protectionist trend of the past. Reed v. Reed (1971) was the first instance of the Court striking down a state law which discriminated against women. Taylor v. Louisiana (1975) overturned the precedent set in Hoyt v. Florida. Phillips v. Martin-Marietta (1971) ruled that employers could not discriminate against mothers of preschool children, despite fears that they might often miss work to care for their children. In Stanton v. Stanton (1975) the Court struck down a Utah law which required divorced fathers to support sons until they were twenty-one under the assumption that they would need support while being educated, while daughters had to be supported only until they were eighteen under the assumption that they would get married and be supported by their husbands. Beginning in the 1920s, the U. S. Supreme Court began to apply the Bill of Rights to states through a process now called the incorporation of the Bill of Rights into the Fourteenth Amendment. As originally passed, the Bill of Rights applied only to the federal government and not to state governments. The Fourteenth Amendment’s equal protection and due process clauses clearly applied to the states. Through a series of lengthy cases, the Court engaged in a piecemeal process of interpreting the Fourteenth Amendment clauses to include the various freedoms protected in the Bill of Rights. In Near v. Minnesota (1931) the Supreme Court applied freedom of the press to the states. In this case, the city of Minneapolis tried to suppress the publication of scandalous, malicious and defamatory material in newspapers. A newspaper publishers association, fearing censorship, challenged the Minnesota law on the grounds of violation of freedom of press. The Supreme Court struck down the law by contending that it represented prior restraint of future issues. The most important freedom given to the press is freedom from prior restraint, the freedom not to be censored. In many cases the statements embedded in the Bill of Rights are impacted directly or indirectly through the process of governance in the United States. One of the most peculiar examples of this impact is adoption of the Uniting and Strengthening America by Providing Appropriate Tools Required to Intercept and Obstruct Terrorism Act of 2001, commonly known as the Patriot Act. This act significantly expands the power of the federal government to investigate, detain, and deport those people who the government suspects are linked to terrorist activity and other crimes. The Fourth Amendment of the United States Constitution requires the government to prove to a judicial officer that it has probable cause of a crime before it conducts an invasive search to find evidence of that crime or in exact words, this Amendment declares that â€Å"the right of the people to be secure in their persons, houses, papers, and effects, against unreasonable searches and seizures, shall not be violated, and no Warrants shall issue, but upon probable cause†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Before the enactment of the Patriot Act, if the primary purpose was a criminal investigation, the law enforcement officials had to first prove the higher standard of probable cause. Investigating criminal activity cannot be the primary purpose of surveillance. Now American society witnesses how one of the most fundamental statements of the Bill of Rights, particularly that one protecting individual freedoms from the state, is challenged. The change made by Section 218 of the Patriot Act authorizes unconstitutional activity by impinging on the Fourth Amendment protection that requires probable cause. Section 218 now provides law enforcement officials with a tool to avoid probable cause when conducting criminal investigation surveillance. The adoption of the Patriot Act has been triggered with the war the United States declared against terrorism. Interestingly, the same event, the war on terrorism, challenged another important element of the Bill of Rights, namely the due process clause of the Fifth Amendment, which states that â€Å"no person shall †¦ be deprived of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law†¦.† Practically, this statement aims to secure individuals from unconstitutional exercise on the behalf of the government. Importantly, this article provides Americans with the right to be tried by unprejudiced courts with application of lawful procedures and laws. However, during the war in Afghanistan and Iraq, the US government intentionally deterred in prisons many prisoners of war (identifying them as terrorists) without court orders, indictments and further court hearings. Here one can notice the constitutional collision, in which the rights of the US government during wartime (including deterring of individuals without due process clause) challenges the statements embedded in the Bill of Rights. Works Cited Barnett, Randy E. ed., 1989. Ninth Amendment. supra note 29, at 18 Bailyn, Bernard. 1967. Ideological Origins of the American Revolution. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press. Ely, J. 1980. Democracy and Distrust. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press. Hall, Kermit L. 1989. The Magic Mirror. Law in American History, New York: Oxford University Press. Levine, James P. 1992. Juries and Politics, Pacific Grove, CA: Brooks/Cole Publishing Company. Madison, James. November 27, 1794. Republicanism. Speech in Congress. Annals of Congress 934. Nelson, William E. 1988. The Fourteenth Amendment: From Political Principle to Judicial Doctrine. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press. Schwartz, B. 1971. The Bill of Rights. A Documentary History. pp. 222-226. Wiecek, W.   1976. The Sources of Antislavery Constitutionalism in America, 1760-1848. Ithaca: Cornell University Press. P. 74 How to cite Development of the Bill of Rights, Papers

Dimension Logistics Supply Chain Management â€Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Dimension Logistics Supply Chain Management? Answer: Introduction: SINGAPORE FOOD DELIGHT MANUFACTURING PTE LIMITED organization is a production / manufacturing organization in the marketing of Singapore. This organization produces the hawker food items for the people of Singapore and the tourist of Singapore. This organization gives the combination conventional nourishments to its clients. Mostly, this organization sets balance into the different components of the nourishment to make the sustenance more heavenly. HACCP has examined the organization as per different norms and offered the HACCP authentication to the organization (Chopra Meindl, 2013). This organization makes the solidified plate of mixed greens, solidified vacuum nourishment, prepared to eat sustenance and so forth this item could be steam or microwave by the clients as indicated by their decision (Christopher, 2016). The bundling of the item is done in such a way, to the point that the items could be crisp and legitimate constantly. The key components of the organization are the best taste of the item and assortment of the items. This organization has embraced different new systems to cook the sustenance to make the nourishment crisp for quite a while and arranged prepared to eat solid sustenance. This organization has upgraded its income on a gigantic level as the sustenance is enjoyed by each client of the organization and they are the faithful and consistent client of the organization. Essentially, this organization sets harmony into the different components of the nourishment to make the sustenance tastier (Cetinkaya, 2011). HACCP has examined the organization as indicated by different gauges and offered the HACCP testament to the organization. Different guarantees have been finished by the organization to its clients in regards to the item quality and the new activity into the sustenance offered by the organization. Further, this organization has gotten some information about their decision with the goal that operations could deliver that merchandise and subsequently their preferred best quality result could be offered to them. Through the examinations, it has been discovered that the organization is performing great regarding benefit and execution in the organization. The interfaces: Interfaces relayed to the logistic department are documented as a progression in which the products, policies, techniques etc are communicated in the company by a department to another for managing the logistics activities of the company. It is supportive for the firm to administer the level of inventory, diminish the cost, improve the sales etc. The SINGAPORE FOOD DELIGHT MANUFACTURING PTE LIMITEDs logistic interface has been investigated in this report. Interface of this company plasters all the aspects of the different departments of a firm. Production: Production division is identified with changing over the simple material into the completed products. The strategic helps the Production division at different stages which begins from discoveries the better raw materials to exchanging the completed merchandise into the business office (Beske and Seuring, 2014). Different advances happen in this procedure, for example, conveying the crude material, warehousing the material, protection of the item, exchanging the completed merchandise and so on are the exercises of the generation division which are straightforwardly identified with the strategic bureau of the organization. Through directing an investigation over the Production arrangement of the organization, it has been broke down that the generation of the organization is of long run. Long run Production delineate that the organization has enough time to roll out the improvements into all the related angles. In this examination, it has been discovered that the cost of the organization could be overseen by the organization as different circumstances is hold by the generation division in which changes should be possible to decrease the sum though if the length of the creation was short than there were no odds for the organization to deal with the elements and lessen the additional cost of the organization. Organization has embraced the systems and hypotheses of EOQ, FOT and Dude to deal with every one of the exercises bitterly. Logistic and production department of SINGAPORE FOOD DELIGHT MANUFACTURING PTE LIMITED relationship: (Assey, 2012) Marketing: Normally, in marketing logistics, 3 activities are there which exists that is planning about the product, delivering the product and making a control on products which has been produced by a firm and transferred into the ending inventory. The main focus of this company is to offer the best quality product to its customers with a guaranteed price. The main concept tof marketing depict that marketing process starts from identifying the demands of the customers to the point when customers offers a good feedback about the services or the product. In SINGAPORE FOOD DELIGHT MANUFACTURING PTE LIMITEDs, basic needs of the customers are identified and according to that, the production of the company is done. The mission and vision of the company also depict about the better marketing management of the company. Marketing interfaces are related to various marketing concept like re-labeling, traditionalist, intersections and unionist. The perspective of relabeling in the concern of marketing depict that the marketing activities have a wider part in the logistics to manage the performance of the company (Toomey, 2012). Eventually, the unionist perspective describes that the marketing and logistic department are interlinked and work accordingly and lastly, the perspective of intersection depict that the marketing activities cut down the logistic activities in an organization. (MIHM, 2010) Accounts and finance: Accounts and finance department of a company is also linked with the logistic department of a company. Both of these accounts communicated about the total expenses and the revenue due to a better logistic activity. Accounts and finance department basically describe about the total profit earned by a company. Being a logistic manager in SINGAPORE FOOD DELIGHT MANUFACTURING PTE LIMITED, the interface of accounts and finance department has been analyzed and it has been found that the logistic department helped the company to reduce the cost a huge level through adopting new technology and the strategy. Further, the company is also focusing to make some changes into it to make the performance of the company better (Lysons and Farrington, 2012). Order Cycle of company: A company is required to manage the time of production and entire activities related to it, in such a manner that the extra cost of the company could be cut down and the time consumption of the company could also be reduced. accounting to this study, the order cycle is the time which is taken from placing an order to the transforming that order into the WIP and finished goods. A company is always required to look over various activities and according to that place an order so that the consumption of cost and time, both could be reduced by the company (Hussey, 2007). Following the the procedure of order cycle is followed by the company to reduce the level of cost as well as the time. Steps of order cycle: Order placement: This is the first step in which company places an order. Getting the order: This is the second step in which company receives the order which has been placed in first step. Identify various level of inventory: This is the third step in which company evaluates the balanced inventory into the warehouse and evaluate the minimum required inventory. Next order placement: This is the last step in which places a new order according to the minimum level of inventory evaluated in the third step. KPI is Key performance indicators. The study of KPI has been done over SINGAPORE FOOD DELIGHT MANUFACTURING PTE LIMITED. Through the evaluation and identification, it has been found that the better order cycle is adopted by the company and the techniques and tools used by the company for managing the extra cost and time is also competitive and offering the better result to the company. The main KPIs are the products, strategies, services etc of the company which make the business of the company different from its competitors and in this company, the food quality, food taste, better management of activities, customer satisfaction etc are the KPIs (Hussey, 2007). In concern of logistic management, the main KPIs of the company are better interfaces among various department, better management of the inventory and various tools and techniques. Recommendation for the order cycle: The above study depict that the company is performing better in the market. But still for becoming the best company, following improvement has been explained to the company which is as follows: Inventory Management: The management of the inventory could be improved by the company through applying the various new evaluation techniques such FOT, FOP etc. Just in Time Approach: Company could use the technique of Just in time to manage the total time required for the production process of the company. This process assist the company to manage the cost as well as the time and through it the customer service of the company could also be enhanced. The JIT theory could help the company to cover all the activities (Ou et al, 2010). Order Processing: Order processing process of a company helps the company to track over the order, control on order and management of the activities. This company is also suggested to adopt a strategy to manage a better order processing system (Mihm, 210). Customer Service: Customers are the king of the market. So it is required for the company to manage the loyalty and satisfaction of the customers so that the revenue of the company could be improved and the market base could also be enhanced. Transportation: Lastly, the company is required to manage the process of transportation in such a manner that the procedure of transportation could be improved (Sweeney, 2013). Inventory Management: Inventory management is a method to identify the level of the stock of the organization so that the level of the company of inventory could be administered in an efficient way to manage and enhance the profit level of the organization and reduce the cost level. The tools and techniques of inventory management depict the organization about the inventory level in the warehouse to meet complete demands of end buyer on time and eventually, the production necessity of the organization must also been identified. Effective management scheme of an organization is a KPI for an organization as it allows the organization to handle and cut the time and cost and improve the goodwill of the company in market (Tomey, 2010). The company, SINGAPORE FOOD DELIGHT MANUFACTURING PTE LIMITED is measuring the stock level with the help of various manners to identify and direct the inventory level. Inventory management is quite proficient and effective of this company as it considers the full care of the interfaces and the logistics management. It becomes quite difficult for a manufacturing company to evaluate the best level of inventory. Still, various strategies, tools, techniques, methods are available for the logistic manager to identify the level of the inventory and through which the inventory could be managed in a better way (Arndt, 2008). According to the study, it has been found that the level of inventory management of the company became so far so good. Recommendations for improvements: The above study depict that the company is performing better in the market. But still for becoming the best company, following improvement has been explained to the company which is as follows: Though the performance of the company is better but EOQ, FOT, FOP etc technique could help the company to manage the level of inventory in an effective and efficient manner. Through the study it has been found that the main point of managing the ibventory is the evaluate the right level of the stock which must be in the warehouse at all the time, according to the operations and activities of the company, the company is required to manage the LIFO system so that the loss of inventory of the company could be reduced and further, the company is required to look over the other players strategies and make a policy according to that so that the assistance could be got. Conclusion: To conclude, SINGAPORE FOOD DELIGHT MANUFACTURING LIMITEDis a food manufacturing company in the Singapore and this company is managing the entire activities in a better way due to the better techniques and tools of logistic management. Through it, it has been found that some changes are required in the company which could assist the company to enhance the performance more. References: Arndt, H., (2008), Supply Chain Management, Germany: Gabler Verlag Assey, J.J.M. (2012). A New Introduction to Supply Chains and Supply Chain Management: Definitions and Theories Perspective, Journal of Business and Economic. 5 (1). pp. 194-207 Beske, P. and Seuring, S. (2014). Putting sustainability into supply chain management, Supply Chain Management: An International Journal. 19 (3). pp. 324-333. Cetinkaya, B. (2011). Sustainable Supply Chain Management: Practical Ideas for Moving Towards Best Practice. Springer Science Business Media Chopra, S. Meindl, P. (2013). Supply Chain Management: Strategy, Planning, and Operation (5th ed.). US: Pearson, Global Edition Hussey, D.E., (2007), Strategic Management: From Theory to Implementation, UK: Taylor Francis Lysons, K. and Farrington, B. (2012), Purchasing and supply chain management, Harlow, Essex: Pearson Financial Times Mihm, (2010), Fast Fashion in a Flat World: Global Sourcing Strategies. International Business Economics Research Journal, 9 (6) pp 55-63 Mihm, (2010), Fast Fashion in a Flat World: Global Sourcing Strategies. International Business Economics Research Journal, 9 (6) pp 55-63 Ou, C.S., Liu, F.C., Hung, Y.C., Yen, D.C. (2010). A structural model of supply chain management on firm performance, International Journal of Operations Production Management. 30 (5). pp. 526-545 Sweeney, E (2013). The people dimension in logistics and supply chain management its role and importance, Supply Chain Management: Perspectives. Issues and Cases. McGraw-Hill: Milan, pp. 73-82. Toomey, J., (2012), Inventory Management: Principles, Concepts and Techniques, Germany: Springer Science Business Media

Castle Rackrent by Maria Edgeworth Essay Example

Castle Rackrent by Maria Edgeworth Paper Castle Rackrent by Maria Edgeworth is a work containing elements of satire, portrayed through Thady. It is to these satiric elements that it owes much of its subtlety. Castle Rackrent is an achievement because of what lies in the subject matter and the narrative methods through which Maria Edgeworth presents her characterisation, language, imagery, tone and satire. These methods are wrapped in the subtlety that comes from total control. The most substantial and remarkable aspect about the novel is the subtlety of its implications. In her dealings with the Edgeworthstown tenants Maria Edgeworth gained first hand knowledge of Irish peasant life and of the peculiarities of Irish peasant character, which form the basis for the success of Castle Rackrent both as a social document and as a work of fiction. At the centre of Maria Edgeworths work is the Big House itself, which is the symbolic focus of the Protestant Ascendancys preoccupation with its own decline. The big house, the manor houses of the Anglo Irish ascendancy, are often used as a metaphor which might allow the author to explore the socially disintegrated world of the protestant ascendancy We will write a custom essay sample on Castle Rackrent by Maria Edgeworth specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Castle Rackrent by Maria Edgeworth specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Castle Rackrent by Maria Edgeworth specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Castle Rackrent was published in 1800, the first Big House novel set on an ascendancy estate, was the first Irish family chronicle, and the first fictional book to make Irish history and politics central to its story and theme. The critic Patrick Murray states that Maria Edgeworth allows many of her characters to reveal them selves by indirection. Thady is an outstanding example. It is interesting to observe how much we learn about Thady himself from his descriptions of other people, particularly when his feelings are strongly engaged. One of his more diverting habits is to praise or censure his various masters and their wives according to their generosity or meanness towards himself the classic attitude of the old retainer. This habit produces some extremely satiric and at times subtle effects. As well as being the first regional novel in English literature, Castle Rackrent has a strong claim to be considered the first of the saga novels, since it traces the fortunes of a single family through several generations. The novel has been often commended as a work of profound historical significance The most ironic word throughout the novel is the word faithful faithful Thady, the steward, who tells this tale, in the first person when he is beyond his eightieth year. So skilful is Maria that the quick and careless reader may finish the story without detecting the deviousness with which Thady had managed to turn his employers weaknesses to his own advantage. According to Patrick Murray Thady Quirk is commonly taken at his own valuation as an honest, faithful, unselfishly loyal servant who feels deeply for his ruined masters and is willing to excuse their worst failings. But on of the triumphs of Castle Rackrent is the subtly ambivalent presentation of the old steward. To regard him as an artless, simple-minded old man is to miss completely the wealth of irony, which pervades the whole narrative. The irony of Castle Rackrent is that Thadys much-vaunted loyalty to the Rackrents should be the principal means of his sons acquisition of their estates. The critic, Thomas Flanagan finds the novels acts and statements ambiguous and unsettling and comes to grips with the problem of Thady in a much more forthright matter: Thady is a partisan of the family, or rather, of the honour of the family. Only when the story is finished does the reader realise that Thady has his own wry view of the matter. Even so he does not fully understand the story, which he is telling. The meaning and passion with which he instinctively invests the words honour and loyalty lead him to bring forth evidence which prompts the reader to a quite different judgement of the Rackrents. Thady tells the story of the Rackrents with a hint of satire running through it. A memorable satiric piece within the novel made with Sir Kits cruel vengeance on his Jewish wife in having pig meat of all kinds brought to her table against her wishes, even though she has visited the cook in her kitchen for the precise purpose of averting this. Satirically, when she is unexpectedly released after seven years, by Sir Kits death, her first act is to sack the cook. Thomas Flanagan states that the effective satiric detail here is shown throughout the book, particularly in the first part, where the madness of the Rackrents seems to rage most wildly. Thady quirk is the most alive and complete of all Miss Edgeworths character creations and one critic has considered him The most subtly drawn and skilfully presented character in the whole course of the Irish novel. The reader is shown in the passage below the satiric nature that Thady portrays each character with. The swaggering Sir Kit, who throws a guinea to the servile Thady with such bravura, cuts a very different figure as he is brought home from his last duel up the avenue on the hand-barrow while his wife watches incredulously from her window, scarcely able to believe that the tables have been so thoroughly turned on her bizarre spouse. The alcoholically hospitable Sir Patrick is granted the final Irish accolade, a fine funeral, but just as all was going on right, through his own town they were passing, when the body was seized for debt. The litigious Sir Murtagh, so proud of his forensic capacities, is literally talked to death by his domestic opponent, the Skinflint widow, and bursts a blood vessel while the servants crown the back stairs to eavesdrop on his final apoplectic submissions. There is an unmistakable darkening of tone of the work in the second part the History of Sir Conolly Rackrent. Where the earlier Rackrents were tragic-comical characters, Sir Conolly is pitiable. The next incident illustrates the ambivalence in Maria Edgeworths presentation of Honest Thady. When Jason visits Sir Condy in the hunting lodge to pester him with a final piece of business. Sir Condy is asleep and Jason insists on seeing him at once but Thady seems to resist. Ill not be disturbing his honour for you, Jason, says I; manys the hour youve waited in your time, and been proud to do it, till his honour was a leisure to speak to you. His honour, says I, raising my voice, at which his honour wakens of his own accord, and calls to me from the room to know who it was I was speaking to. Jason made no more ceremony, but follows me into the room. Thadys raising his voice on recurrence of his honour is a fine satiric touch. This may serve as a rebuke to Jason or as a means of focusing the sick man so that Jason may wring the last penny out of the Rackrents before Sir Condy dies. Castle Rackrent has considerable historical importance. There is a good deal of evidence that represents Edgeworths attempts to capture the speech, rhythms and idioms of the Irish peasants with whom she came in contact. Maria Edgeworths novel confused fiction and history. In her preface to Castle Rackrent, Edgeworth attacked conventional histories as unreliable while claiming that the recollections of an Irish servant were more genuine and important as a historical record. Edgeworth claims that in her novel the civilisation of Irish life involved its Anglicisation in every facet and that she presented a stereotype of the native Irish, designed mainly to convince an English audience of the validity of her preferred approach. Edgeworths colonialism was a benevolent one and she stressed the amenability of the Irish character to this, and by contrast its degradation by the abrasive and tyrannical colonialism, which she felt still characterised Irish society. Her fascination with and delineation of, Irish character focussed on language, and in particular its exploitation as a mechanism of survival by the vulnerable servant. Thady makes an effective use of irony and uses it as a satiric weapon against Sir Murtaghs wife. She was a strict observer, for self and servants, of Lent and all fast-days, but not holidays. One of the maids having fainted three times the last day of Lent, to keep body and soul together we put a morsel of roast beef into her mouth, which came from Sir Murtaghs dinner, who never fasted, not he;. There are references of irony to Lent, fast days and holidays. Irony as a satiric weapon is effectively wielded by Thady to ridicule Sir Murtagh. Castle Rackrent is episodic in structure, but the consistent use of satire helps to lend consistency and unity to what might other wise be an ungainly collection of episodes and incidents randomly strung together. Maria Edgeworths title to Castle Rackrent is to minimize the readers alertness to the question of irony. Within the novel itself there is a body of evidence, which casts shadows upon the short title. Within the larger area of Irish culture one can find the material for an ironic interpretation even of the short title. Maria Edgeworth allows many of her characters to disclose themselves by indirection. Thady is an excellent example. We learn a lot about Thady from his portrayal of other people, particularly when his feelings are strongly engaged. One of his diverting habits is to praise his various masters and their wives according to their generosity towards himself. This produces several extremely comic, and subtle effects. Maria Edgeworths chief purpose is to tell an entertaining story, and consequently she does with enthusiasm. As well as being a regional novel, a saga novel, and a social and historical document, Castle Rackrent is a work containing elements of satire. It is in fact to these satirical elements that it owes much of its subtlety. There is some doubt as to whether Maria Edgeworth intended this novel to be anything but a comical revelation of the Rackrent family and its failings by using the tragic happenings of each family member to portray what could only be described as a work of satire. Maria Edgeworth presents her characterisation, language, imagery, tone and satire, all wrapped in the subtlety that is portrayed throughout the novel.

Privatize Social Security essays

Privatize Social Security essays Privatize Social Security: Americans are Smart Enough to Invest for Themselves The beginning of the 20th century was a very hard time for America and its citizens. After the Industrial Revolution and the Great War came the Great Depression. The economy was crashing, and crashing fast; the stock market crashed twice in one week, thousands of people were laid off, and businesses went bankrupt. These were definitely the hardest of times and the people were looking for help. On June 8, 1934, President Franklin D. Roosevelt announces to congress that he intended to provide a program for Social Security. He created the Committee on Economic Security to study the entire problem of the economy and to provide any recommendations that would help congress make a legislative consideration. In early January 1935, the committee gave the report to Roosevelt and on January 17 he presented it to congress. On August 14, 1935 the Social Security Act was pass into law by President Roosevelt. The act was to help people in need of general welfare and pay retired worker s age 65 or older a continuing income after retirement. The program later change to include unemployment insurance, old-age assistance, aid to dependant children, and grants to states for medical care. In 1939, the program was amended to include payments to the spouse and minor children and survivors benefits pay in the event the worker suffered a premature death. This is pretty much what Americans know as Social Security today and the program has been relatively unchanged since it was stared over sixty years ago (Social Security History). This program was definitely needed during these hard times; no one can really argue that. However, most people today discuss Social Security more than ever: it is argued in congress, it is talked about on the news, and it is debated in political elections. Americans feel that they can do better investing their hard-earned money t...

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Global Business and IMF - Essay Example The Great Depression and the two World Wars gave a great setback to the greatest nations of the world. Shook by these disasters, delegates from 44 countries met in July 1944 at Bretton Woods, New Hampshire in U.S.A. and agreed on a framework for â€Å"economic cooperation party† (Clift, 2004). The IMF was conceived in that meeting, whose primary agenda was to avoid those inconsistent economic policies that led to the Great Depression of 1930s. It background was the pursuit of flawed economic policies, like increased restriction on imports and freedom to buy in other countries, dwindling gold and foreign exchange reserves and even devaluation of currencies, which together contributed to worsening the downward spiral in output, world trade and the overall employment rate. All these steps devastated the international economy, leading to a sharp decline in trade, world output, employment and living standards (Dicken, 1986). Hence in order to restore the international monetary relations, the IMF emerged after the constitution of a charter (Articles of Agreement) by the country representatives. Its purpose was the establishment of an international institution, which could overlook the international monetary system and guide the member countries to pursue appropriate economic policies. It officially came into existence in December 1945, when 29 countries signed the Articles of Agreement (IMF). Since then, IMF has strictly pursued its original purposes, which became more important with the expansion of more countries. Any country, regardless of being a member of UN or not, is eligible for membership of the IMF. The membership largely depends on the terms prescribed by the Board of Directors of IMF. However, a country has to agree to financial policies economic growth and reasonable price stability. Furthermore, the country has to provide the IMF with economic data, which it will regularly analyse. After reviewing and monitoring

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Intervention Approach To Promote Fatherhood In Schools Social Work Essay

Intervention Approach To Promote Fatherhood In Schools Social Work Essay An Intervention Approach to Promote Fatherhood in Schools: Acquiring the Generalist Intervention Model, the Mandala Ecosystem Health Model, Urie Bronfenbrenner Ecological Systems Theory and Egan Skilled Helper Model An Intervention Approach to Promote Fatherhood in Schools: Acquiring the Generalist Intervention Model, the Mandala Ecosystem Health Model, Urie Bronfenbrenner ecological systems theory and Egan Helper Model As part of a university-based consultant, this intervention paper seeks to address its issue on organizing a program aimed at engaging fathers/ bringing fathers/ more males into the Catholic College to promote the importance of fatherhood by introducing relevant and effective programs to benefit the local community. The school was formed in 2008 and began as a School in a Shopping Centre. Currently, within the school, around 50% of students live in single-parent homes or with a step-parent. Additionally, around 25% of students have a history of experiencing abuse within the family. The Mandala Health model, Urie Bronfenbrenner ecological systems theory, Egan skilled helper model and the GIM models are to assist me in the planning and suggestion process of delivering an intervention that promotes Australian governments Stronger Families and Communities strategy announced in the 1999-2000 Federal budget. My intervention approach Since, the school wants to promote fatherhood, I as a consultant suggests that in order to increase fathers actively-involved with childs life, the school could give out consent form informing activities such as sports day carnival, fun-fair, etc which fathers could participate in to promote or build bonds with the child instead of just being the sole breadwinner of the household. Let them know that small little things could make a difference in a childs growing up process. It is not just having stable financial income which makes the child happy. In addition, introducing scores charts which motivate their child to inform their fathers on upcoming activities. Whoever fathers participated in the event would be awarded with food vouchers .These vouchers can then be exchanged for free food in the canteen. For scores wise, well based on the top 5% who has meet the requirement and be awarded with token of appreciation; give recognition to fathers effort. What were the stages you went through in the planning process? Describe the activities undertaken. The Generalist Intervention Model is an intervention/practice model that includes all systems (micro, macro and mezzo) by providing a systematic approach to undertake the change process in addressing the issue. The following aforementioned are the processes: Engagement. Establishing rapport relationships and effective communication by greeting the client regardless of whether one is pursuing micro, mezzo or macro change, the fundamentals of doing so is to build good rapport or a trustworthy relationship with clients and target system to produce basic communication. Engagement is inclusive of verbal and non-verbal communication and genuineness to engage clients the helping process (Hull and Kirst-Ashman, 2004). Assessment. Identification of client by defining whether it is individual, family, group, organization or community by identifying one based on all aspects mentioned above. Even though it sounded simple, to recognize who my client is, may become blurred and vague, as I have to question these following questions. Who is my client? Who are the ones that needed my help? Is it just an individual or the entire family is my client instead (Hull and Kirst-Ashman, 2004). Assess the client-in-situation and identify issues. Four major aspects are considered such as micro, mezzo and macro levels. Each aspects must be defined and identify strengths in the element of human diversity. Micro aspects. Exploring the criticality of the problems, causation of the problem, client strengths and and how to improve to better one lives (Hull and Kirst-Ashman, 2004). Planning. Defining the problems and plan which to prioritize. Implementation. Carrying out the discussed plans to achieve client goal. Consistent monitoring and assessing of progress during implementation to ensure client stays on track. Sometimes, it might affect the plan in terms of its situation, conditions or issues. Evaluation. Practitioners must be accountable for their intervention by proving its effectiveness. Evaluating of each goal that has been achieved to determine whether the case should be terminated or reassess to create new goals. Termination and follow-up. Do not establish attachment with the client upon termination. As a saying goes teaching one the techniques of fishing rather than providing one fishes every time which denotes disengage with the person upon the client being stabilized after this intervention ends (Hull and Kirst-Ashman, 2004). What models of planning did you adopt for planning? Refer to relevant literature. The Generalist Intervention model proposed by Hull and Ashman (2004) which involves the eight steps of planning: Work with the client Prioritize problems Translate problems into needs Evaluate levels of intervention for each need Establish goals Specify objectives Specify action steps Formalize a contract Work with the client. Working with the client by involving the client with the problem, definition of the problem which the client perceived a problem as the top priority compared to other problems faced. On the other hand, practitioners have to take into account of the clients strengths during the planning process to prevent dispute among one another. Prioritize problems. Provide priority for each problems what others or practitioners think is most significant might not be significant to the client for the problem to rank as top priority. For example, firstly, fatherhood; engage more fathers/stepfathers in caring, nurturing their children. Secondly, school providing high-quality education and facilities for students. Translate problems into needs. Initially, client suffered from the problems. Hence, as practitioners/consultants, we got to provide solutions to assist in problem-solving. Needless to say, this simple step in planning aids in reorganizing our thoughts on current situation in order to decide on appropriate solutions. Evaluate levels of intervention (micro, mezzo, and macro). Accentuating one client needs at a time by beginning with those ranked as highest priority. Discussion on alternative solutions with the client may focus on the micro, mezzo, or macro level of transformation. For example, involving what can the individual do at the micro-level by providing alternate methods targeting on behavioural management. Establish goals. Charting out goals that are feasible for clients with regards on how to proceed with the intervention. For instance, to build a full-pledged school that benefits the local community. Specify objectives. Goals specificity in identifying what needs to be achieved, how do I go about achieving the goals and meeting my client needs? Therefore, stating explicit objectives helps to provide specification in our objectives. Specify action steps. These steps represent the clarity of the goals and the completion of the goals by moving towards achieving the objectives. Action steps helps to monitor and reassess our clients actions. Noteworthy to note that failure to complete important action steps leads to failure to attain objectives and clients goals. Formalize a contract with the client. Bring in a contract working agreement that is negotiable with the client and others involved in the process. A contract formalizes the agreement between client and practitioner and clarifying both expectations. An array of items includes the financial fees, terms and conditions involved in the intervention. Supposedly, clients should be actively-involved with developing the conditions in the contract. Understandable terms must be used in the contract rather than technical jargons which client doesnt understand easily. Additionally, this contract differs from legal contracts in terms of its flexibility to clients changing needs or conditions. Did you use ecosystemic principles in planning, and if so, what principles were used and how? The Mandala of Health: a health model of the human ecosystem As the Mandala Health model has been on-going in the early 1980s, it has gained worldwide acceptance in the medical and psychological association. This model conveys that the interaction of culture with environment aids one in understanding the human ecology. The outer level of the Mandala highlights our living planet encompassing the culture and the biosphere. Holistically, health of the individual consists of spirit, body and mind dimensions. The system that is surrounding the individual is the family and community aspects while beside the body and mind, makeup of the sick-care system and work. In between the four sides of the circle, contains personal behaviour, psycho-socio economic environment, human biology and physical environment (Hancock, 1993). Ultimately, this model should be as seen as a multi-disciplinary use, flexible and dynamic in which various element transform based on individual needs (Hancock, 1993). Conversely, to solidify the theorys practical framework, I would prefer Bronfenbrenners Ecological Systems Theory as it defines as complex layers of environment, each having an effect on a persons development. Recently, this theory has been renamed bioecological systems theory to emphasize that a persons own biological predisposition is a primary environment fueling their development (Santiago, 2004). The interaction between factors in the persons maturing biology, their immediate family and community environment, and the societal landscape fuels and steers their development. Changes or conflict in any one layer will ripple throughout other layers. To understand fathers needs in the transitions, we must look not only at the fathers but as well as the students and their immediate environment, but also in all environment dimensions of interaction as well. Egan helping model and the outcomes Egan skilled helper model is reflected in my planning process and outcomes. It is not based on a particular theory of personality development, or on a theory of the ways difficulties develop. It is a framework for conceptualizing the helping process, and is best used in working on issues in the recent past and the present. As with any model, it provides a map, which can be used in exploring and navigating, but which is not the territory itself. The Egan model and mentoring are not synonymous; the model can be used in many kinds of helping relationships, and mentoring/co-mentoring can be done using other models or just solely one. The model can and should be used flexibly. The model works best if attention is paid to Rogers core conditions, the helpers approach to the speaker being based on genuineness, respect, and empathy, and if principles of good active listening are remembered throughout. Three main questions were posed to the speaker on Egan model: What is going on? Utilizing the school to the benefit of the local community Organized a program aimed at engaging fathers/bringing fathers/more males into the school Abuse cases found in childrens family lives What do I want instead? Include the staff without appearing to create more work for them Increase the involvement of fathers/grandfathers/stepfathers within the school community How might I get to what I want? Ensure they do not burnout by having a work-life balance in their lives for parents, teachers, and principal Provide student services and counseling facilities Strength and weaknesses of the planning model Theoretically, this theory is versatile, well developed and extremely useful. In contrast, interviewers and consultants have to be highly-competent to adopt the Hull and Kirst-Ashman Generalist Intervention model (GIM) as it emphasize on client strengths rather on weaknesses which perhaps, the person could be intellectually-disabled which might lead to misjudging the persons strengths. Hypothetically, coping strategies, moderation and mediation elements were not covered in the planning model which leads to burnout among organization. In terms of cultural differences, different organizations have certain values or mission and protocol for individuals to adhere. Consultants have to be highly-cultural competence to work effectively with clients of different racial backgrounds, ethnics and various cultures when acquiring the planning model. Also, consultants have to take note not to make automatic assumptions about diverse group in the social environment. They must strive to develop self-awareness and appreciate human differences in an individual in order not to be bias towards to their diagnosis when implementing the model to their client case.

Native Americans of the Pacific Northwest in the Decade of the World’s Indigenous Populations :: Essays Papers

Native Americans of the Pacific Northwest in the Decade of the World’s Indigenous Populations Introduction On 1 January 1994, the Mayan peoples of Chiapas, Mexico participated in an armed uprising in protest of the implementation of the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA). Following a strong trend of harassment, and mistreatment of Mexico’s indigenous populations, the implementation of NAFTA all but abolished the land claims of Mexico’s Indians. The Zapatista uprising, as it has been termed, brought global attention to the indigenous human rights violations in Mexico, and consequently, a strong interest in the plight of the world’s indigenous peoples resulted in the global community. In a 1994 U.N. orchestrated commission on the rights of the world’s indigenous populations, it was concluded that an increase in international cooperation for the solution of problems faced by indigenous peoples was necessary for improvement of their condition across such areas as environment and natural resources, health, education, and human rights. As a result, the U.N. High Commissioner on Human Rights declared the years 1995-2004 to be the Decade of the World’s Indigenous Populations. The theme of the decade was to be â€Å"partnership in action†, and the main objectives were to strengthen the role of the international community in enforcing international human rights treaties, to promote the discovery of viable solutions to Indigenous-State conflicts through mediation, discussion, and cooperation, and to draft a declaration of the rights of indigenous people. In this paper, I will analyze the amount of progress that has been made in the Native American condition in relation to U.S. government cooperation with the First Nations, with a specific focus on the tribes of the Pacific Northwest. I will begin with a brief, but comprehensive history of U.S.-Native American relations, with a focus on U.S. government policy. Next, I will conduct a case study of the Pacific Northwest, specifically dealing with how the global pressure of the Decade has impacted treaty negotiations and multi-lateral cooperation in the fishing industry, forest service, and tribal gaming. I will then discuss parallels that can be drawn from the cooperation of Maori tribes with the government of New Zealand in the last decade. Finally, I will discuss the unmet needs for the improvement of the indigenous condition, and conclude with an evaluation of the relative progress the Decade has had specifically in the United States, and more generally in the global community. A History of U.